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roll off

  • 1 volvō

        volvō volvī, volūtus, ere    [3 VOL-], to cause to revolve, roll, turn about, turn round: saxa glareosa volvens (flumen), L.: Medumque flumen minores volvere vertices, H.: volvendi sunt libri, to be unrolled (in reading): per amnis sinūs errorem volvens, i. e. following up the windings, L.: Seminecīs volvit multos, rolls in the dust, V.—To roll up, roll together, form by rolling: qui terga dederant, volventes orbem, etc., forming a circle, L.: (equus) volvit sub naribus ignem, V.— Pass, to turn round, move in curves, revolve, roll down: Ille (anguis) inter vestīs et levia pectora lapsus Volvitur, V.: illi qui volvuntur stellarum cursūs sempiterni: lacrimae volvuntur inanes, flow, V.: volventia plaustra, V.—Fig., in time, to roll, roll along, bring on, bring around (poet.): (lunam) celerem pronos Volvere mensīs, swift in bringing by her revolutions, H.: sic volvere Parcas, i. e. determine, V.: sic deum rex volvit vices, i. e. determines the changes of events, V.: volventibus annis, with revolving years, V.: volvens annus, O.—In the mind, to ponder, meditate, dwell upon, think over, reflect on, consider: multa cum animo suo, S.: bellum in animo, L.: bellum adversus nos, Ta.: incerta consilia, Cu.: Fauni sub pectore sortem, V.: haec illis volventibus tandem vicit fortuna rei p., S.: iras in pectore, cherishes, L.—In speaking, to roll off, utter fluently: celeriter verba: complexio verborum, quae volvi uno spiritu potest: quo melius volvatur oratio, be rounded off.—To unroll, undergo, experience in succession: tot volvere casūs virum. V.: Multa virum volens durando saecula vincit (aesculus), V.
    * * *
    volvere, volvi, volutus V TRANS
    roll, causse to roll; travel in circle/circuit; bring around/about; revolve; envelop, wrap up; unroll (scroll); recite, reel off; turn over (in mind); roll along/forward; (PASS) move sinuously (snake); grovel, roll on ground

    Latin-English dictionary > volvō

  • 2 volvo

    volvo, volvi, vŏlūtum, 3 ( inf. pass. volvier, Lucr. 5, 714), v. a. [Sanscr. varas, circumference; Gr. eluô, to wrap; root Wel-], to roll, turn about, turn round, tumble any thing.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    (amnis) volvit sub undis Grandia saxa,

    Lucr. 1, 288; Verg. A. 11, 529; Ov. Ib. 173:

    flumen lapides volvens,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 38:

    beluas cum fluctibus (procellae),

    Plin. 9, 3, 2, § 5:

    vortices (flumen),

    Hor. C. 2, 9, 22:

    fumum caligine (ventus),

    Lucr. 6, 691:

    oculos huc illuc,

    Verg. A. 4, 363:

    oculos per singula,

    id. ib. 8, 618:

    filum,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 114 Müll. volvendi sunt libri, to unroll, i. e. open, Cic. Brut. 87, 298:

    Tyrrhena carmina retro,

    Lucr. 6, 381 (hence, volumen, in the signif. of roll, book, volume, v. h. v. I.):

    semineces volvit multos,

    rolls in the dust, fells to the ground, Verg. A. 12, 329 et saep.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To roll up or together, form by rolling:

    pilas,

    Plin. 30, 11, 30, § 99; cf.:

    qui terga dederant, conversi in hostem volventesque orbem, etc.,

    forming a circle, Liv. 22, 29, 5:

    jam orbem volventes suos increpans,

    id. 4, 28, 3.—
    2.
    To breathe, exhale, etc. ( poet.):

    vitalis aëris auras Volvere in ore,

    Lucr. 6, 1225:

    (equus) Collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem,

    Verg. G. 3, 85.—
    3.
    Mid., to turn or roll itself round about, to turn or roll along:

    nobis caenum teterrima quom sit Spurcities, eadem subus haec jucunda videtur, Insatiabiliter toti ut volvantur ibidem,

    Lucr. 6, 978:

    ille (anguis) inter vestes et levia pectora lapsus Volvitur,

    Verg. A. 7, 349:

    cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putant,

    Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

    illi qui volvuntur stellarum cursus sempiterni,

    id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    excussus curru moribundus volvitur arvis,

    rolls, Verg. A. 10, 590:

    volvi humi,

    id. ib. 11, 640:

    volvitur Euryalus leto,

    id. ib. 9, 433:

    lacrimae volvuntur inanes,

    roll, flow, id. ib. 4, 449.— Part.:

    volventia plaustra,

    Verg. G. 1, 163.—
    II. A.
    In gen.:

    volvere curarum tristes in pectore fluctus,

    Lucr. 6, 34:

    magnos fluctus irarum,

    id. 6, 74:

    ingentes iras in pectore,

    Liv. 35, 18, 6:

    tot volvere casus Insignem pietate virum,

    i. e. to undergo so many misfortunes, Verg. A. 1, 9; cf.:

    satis diu saxum hoc volvo,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 9 (8), 55:

    (lunam) celerem pronos Volvere menses,

    in rolling on, Hor. C. 4, 6, 40; cf.:

    volvendis mensibus,

    Verg. A. 1, 269:

    has omnis (animas) ubi mille rotam volvere per annos,

    i. e. completed the cycle, id. ib. 6, 748; and neutr.:

    volventibus annis,

    with revolving years, after the lapse of years, id. ib. 1, 234; cf.:

    volventia lustra,

    Lucr. 5, 928:

    volvens annus,

    Ov. M. 5, 565:

    sic fata deum rex Sortitur volvitque vices,

    fixes the series of revolving events, Verg. A. 3, 376; cf.:

    sic volvere Parcas,

    id. ib. 1, 22:

    M. Pontidius celeriter sane verba volvens,

    rolling off, Cic. Brut. 70, 246:

    sententias facile verbis,

    id. ib. 81, 280 longissima est complexio verborum, quae volvi uno spiritu potest, id. de Or. 3, 47, 182:

    ne verba traic amus aperte, quo melius aut cadat aut volvatur oratio,

    be rounded, form periods, id. Or. 69, 229.—
    B.
    In partic., to turn over or revolve in the mind; to ponder, meditate, or reflect upon, consider (cf. verso):

    multa cum animo suo volvebat,

    Sall. J. 6, 2; 108, 3:

    multa secum,

    id. C. 32, 1; id. J. 113, 1; Liv. 26, 7, 3:

    immensa omnia animo,

    id. 2, 49, 5; Tac. H. 1, 30; Suet. Vesp. 5:

    bellum in animo,

    Liv. 42, 5, 1:

    in pectore,

    id. 35, 18, 6:

    has inanium rerum inanes ipsas volventes cogitationes,

    id. 6, 28, 7; 34, 60, 2; 32, 20, 2; Curt. 10, 5, 15:

    incerta consilia,

    id. 10, 8, 7; 5, 9, 3:

    bellum adversus nos,

    Tac. A. 3, 38:

    Fauni sub pectore sortem,

    Verg. A. 7, 254: haec illis volventibus tandem vicit fortuna [p. 2014] reipublicae, Sall. C. 41, 3:

    subinde hoc in animo volve,

    Sen. Ep. 13, 13:

    secretas cogitationes intra se,

    Curt. 10, 8, 9:

    adeo ut plerumque intra me ipsum volvam,

    Tac. A. 14, 53:

    regna tecum volvis,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 1:

    mente aliquid,

    Lact. Epit. 60, 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > volvo

  • 3 evolvo

    ē-volvo, volvi, vŏlūtum, 3 ( per diaeresin ēvŏlŭam, Cat. 66, 74:

    ēvŏlŭisse,

    Ov. H. 12, 4), v. a., to roll out, roll forth; to unroll, unfold (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    (vis venti) Arbusta evolvens radicibus haurit ab imis,

    Lucr. 6, 141; cf.

    silvas,

    Ov. M. 12, 519:

    cadavera turribus,

    Luc. 6, 171:

    montes corpore,

    Ov. M. 5, 355:

    saxa nudis lacertis,

    Luc. 3, 481:

    intestina,

    Cels. 7, 16 et saep.:

    vestes,

    to open, unfold, Ov. M. 6, 581:

    volumen epistolarum,

    to open, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4:

    panicum furfure,

    i. e. to cleanse, purge, Col. 2, 9 fin.:

    quae postquam evolvit,

    unfolds, evolves, Ov. M. 1, 24 et saep.:

    amnis prorutam in mare evolvendo terram praealtas voragines facit,

    Liv. 44, 8; cf.

    aquas (Araxes),

    Curt. 5, 4, 7.—
    b.
    Evolvere se, or mid. evolvi, to roll out, roll forth, glide away:

    evolvere posset in mare se Xanthus,

    discharge itself, Verg. A. 5, 807; cf.:

    Danubius in Pontum vastis sex fluminibus evolvitur,

    empties, Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 79:

    species (anguis) evoluta repente,

    Liv. 26, 19, 7:

    per humum evolvuntur,

    roll themselves along, Tac. G. 39.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To unroll and read a book:

    evolve diligenter ejus eum librum qui est de animo,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

    volumina,

    Quint. 2, 15, 24:

    fastos,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 112; Ov. F. 1, 657:

    versus,

    id. Tr. 2, 307:

    jocos,

    id. ib. 2, 238; cf.

    transf.: poëtas,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72; cf.

    auctores,

    Suet. Aug. 89:

    auctores penitus,

    Quint. 12, 2, 8:

    antiquitatem,

    Tac. Or. 29 fin. —
    2.
    To draw out a thread, i. e. to spin, said of the Fates:

    quae seriem fatorum pollice ducunt Longaque ferratis evolvunt saecula pensis,

    Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 53; and pregn., to spin out, i. e. to spin to an end, said of the Fates:

    tunc, quae dispensant mortalia fata, sorores Debuerant fusos evoluisse meos,

    Ov. H. 12, 4.—
    3.
    To obtain, raise:

    in hoc triduo Aut terra aut mari alicunde aliqua evolvam argentum tibi,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 83.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen.: si qui voluerit animi sui complicatam notionem evolvere, to unroll, i. e. to clear up (the figure being taken from a book), Cic. Off. 3, 19, 76; cf.:

    exitum criminis,

    id. Cael. 23:

    promissa evolvit somni,

    i. e. turns over, revolves, Sil. 3, 216; cf.:

    secum femineos dolos,

    Sen. Agam. 116:

    evolutus integumentis dissimulationis (with nudatus),

    unwrapped, stripped, Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 350:

    evolutus bonis,

    robbed, Sen. Ep. 74; cf.:

    sede patria rebusque summis,

    Tac. A. 13, 15:

    ex praeda clandestina,

    driven away, Liv. 6, 15:

    nullo possum remedio me evolvere ex his turbis,

    Ter. Ph. 5, 4, 5:

    se omni turba,

    id. Eun. 4, 4, 56.—
    B.
    In partic., to unfold, disclose, narrate:

    naturam rerum omnium,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36: oras belli, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 178 ed. Vahl.):

    totam deliberationem accuratius,

    Cic. Att. 9, 10, 7:

    rem propositam,

    Quint. 1, 1, 20:

    condita pectoris,

    Cat. 66, 74:

    seriem fati,

    Ov. M. 15, 152:

    haec,

    Verg. G. 4, 509 et saep.; cf. with a rel.-clause, Lucr. 1, 954.—
    C.
    To roll away, of time, i. e. to pass, elapse:

    evolutis multis diebus,

    Vulg. Gen. 38, 12:

    cum evolutus esset annus,

    id. 2 Par. 24, 23:

    evoluto tempore,

    id. Esth. 2, 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > evolvo

  • 4 ratio

    rătĭo, onis (abl. rationi, Lucr. 6, 66), f. [reor, ratus], a reckoning, account, calculation, computation.
    I.
    Lit.
    (α).
    Sing.: Les. Nequaquam argenti ratio conparet tamen. Sta. Ratio quidem hercle adparet: argentum oichetai, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 15 sq.:

    rationem putare... bene ratio accepti atque expensi inter nos convenit,

    id. Most. 1, 3, 141; 146; cf.: ad calculos vocare amicitiam, ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum, Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

    itur, putatur ratio cum argentario... Ubi disputata est ratio cum argentario,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 53 sq.:

    dextera digitis rationem computat,

    id. Mil. 2, 2, 49:

    magna ratio C. Verruci,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 188:

    direptio ejus pecuniae, cujus ratio in aede Opis confecta est,

    id. Phil. 5, 6, 16; cf.:

    quibus in tabulis nominatim, ratio confecta erat, qui numerus domo exisset, etc.,... Quarum omnium rerum summa erat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 29: auri ratio constat: aurum in aerario est, the account agrees, i. e. is correct, Cic. Fl. 28, 69 (v. consto):

    decumo post mense, ut rationem te dictare intellego,

    to make the reckoning, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 38 (al. ductare):

    rationem ducere,

    to make a computation, to compute, calculate, reckon, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; so, rationem habere, to take an account, make a computation:

    omnium proeliorum,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 53; cf.:

    hujus omnis pecuniae conjunctim ratio habetur,

    id. B. G. 6, 19; and:

    piratarum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71:

    rationem inire,

    to cast up, reckon, calculate, Caes. B. G. 7, 71, 4:

    quattuor minae periere, ut ratio redditur,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 23; cf.:

    tibi ego rationem reddam?

    id. Aul. 1, 1, 6; id. Trin. 2, 4, 114:

    rationem referre,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 98:

    rationem repetere de pecuniis repetundis,

    id. Clu. 37, 104: Py. Quanta istaec hominum summa est? Ar. Septem millia. Py. Tantum esse oportet:

    recte rationem tenes,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47 et saep.:

    drachumae, quas de ratione debuisti,

    according to the account, id. Trin. 2, 4, 24:

    grandem (pecuniam) quemadmodum in rationem inducerent, non videbant,

    how they should bring it into their accounts, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 106.—
    (β).
    Plur.: rationes putare argentariam, frumentariam, pabuli causa quae parata sunt;

    rationem vinariam, oleariam, quid venierit, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 2, 5:

    rationes ad aerarium continuo detuli... quas rationes si cognoris, intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Pis. 25, 61:

    ut rationes cum publicanis putarent,

    id. Att. 4, 11, 1:

    rationes a colono accepit,

    id. Caecin. 32, 94:

    quid opus est? inquam. Rationes conferatis. Assidunt, subducunt, ad nummum convenit,

    id. Att. 5, 21, 12:

    rationes referre... rationes deferre,

    id. Fam. 5, 20, 2:

    Romani pueri longis rationibus assem Discunt in partes centum diducere,

    Hor. A. P. 325 et saep.:

    A RATIONIBVS,

    an accountant, Inscr. Orell. 1494; 2973; 2986; 4173 et saep. (cf. ab).—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    A list, roll, register (rare):

    cedo rationem carceris, quae diligentissime conficitur, quo quisque die datus in custodiam, quo mortuus, quo necatus sit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

    rationes imperii, ab Augusto proponi solitas, sed a Tiberio intermissas, publicavit (sc. Caligula),

    Suet. Calig. 16 ( = breviarium) totius imperii, id. Aug. 101 fin.:

    rationarium imperii,

    id. ib. 28.—
    2.
    A sum, number (rare), Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 11:

    nunc lenonum et scortorum plus est fere Quam olim muscarum est. Ea nimia est ratio,

    id. Truc. 1, 1, 49:

    pro ratione pecuniae liberalius est Brutus tractatus quam Pompeius,

    Cic. Att. 6, 3, 5; cf. II. B. 1. c. infra.—
    3.
    A business matter, transaction, business; also, a matter, affair, in gen. (a favorite word of Cicero):

    res rationesque eri Ballionis curo,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 31:

    res rationesque vestrorum omnium,

    id. Am. prol. 4:

    re ac ratione cum aliquo conjunctus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 172:

    de tota illa ratione atque re Gallicana inter se multa communicare,

    id. Quint. 4, 15:

    cum (Druides) in reliquis fere rebus, publicis privatisque rationibus, Graecis utantur litteris,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 14 (metaphrast. pragmasi):

    ratio nummaria,

    Cic. Att. 10, 11, 2:

    aeraria ratio,

    id. Quint. 4, 15:

    ratio domestica... bellica,

    id. Off. 1, 22, 76:

    quod ad popularem rationem attinet,

    id. Fam. 1, 2, 4:

    rationes familiares componere,

    Tac. A. 6, 16 fin.:

    fori judiciique rationem Messala suscepit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 51, 149; cf.:

    in explicandis rationibus rerum civilium,

    id. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

    rationes civitatis,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 11:

    quantos aestus habet ratio comitiorum... nihil fallacius ratione tota comitiorum,

    id. Mur. 17, 35:

    propter rationem Gallici belli,

    id. Prov. Cons. 8, 19; so id. ib. 8, 14, 35:

    ad omnem rationem humanitatis,

    id. Mur. 31, 66: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu facillime perspicies, id. Fam. 1, 7, 6 fin.:

    ad eam rationem existimabam satis aptam naturam meam,

    id. Att. 9, 11, A, 1.—
    b.
    Pregn.: meae (tuae, etc.) rationes, my ( thy, etc.) interest, my ( thy, etc.) advantage (cf. in Engl. to find one's account in any thing):

    me ad ejus rationes adjungo, quem tu in meis rationibus tibi esse adjungendum putasti,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 2; cf.:

    exemplum meis alienissimum rationibus,

    id. Corn. Fragm. 1, 7 B. and K.:

    consideres, quid tuae rationes postulent,

    Sall. C. 44, 5: servitia repudiabat... alienum suis rationibus existimans videri causam civium cum servis fugitivis communicasse, inconsistent with his policy or interests, id. ib. 56, 5:

    si meas rationes unquam vestrae saluti anteposuissem,

    Cic. Red. ad Quir. 1, 1.
    II.
    Trop., a reckoning, account, computation:

    postquam hanc rationem cordi ventrique edidi,

    presented this reckoning, Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 12:

    itidem hic ut Acheronti ratio accepti scribitur,

    i.e. things are taken only, nothing is given back, id. Truc. 4, 2, 36:

    nomen (comoediae) jam habetis, nunc rationes ceteras Accipite,

    an account of the rest, id. Poen. prol. 55; cf.:

    census quom sum, juratori recte rationem dedi,

    id. Trin. 4, 2, 30; so,

    rationem dare, for the more usual rationem reddere,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 86 Mull.; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92 Zumpt:

    (argentarii) ratione utuntur,

    make a reckoning, settle up, Plaut. Cas. prol. 27:

    cum eam mecum rationem puto,

    go into that calculation, think over the matter, id. ib. 3, 2, 25; cf.:

    frustra egomet mecum has rationes puto,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 54:

    (Medea et Atreus) inita subductaque ratione nefaria scelera meditantes,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 71:

    quod posteaquam iste cognovit hanc rationem habere coepit,

    to make the following calculation, reflection, id. Verr. 2, 5, 39, § 101; cf.: totius rei consilium his rationibus explicavit, ut si, etc.,... si, etc.,... sin, etc., drew the plan of the whole undertaking according to the following calculation, that if, etc., Caes. B. C. 3, 78;

    and herewith cf.: rationem consilii mei accipite,

    id. ib. 3, 86:

    ut habere rationem possis, quo loco me convenias, etc.,

    that you may calculate, Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

    semper ita vivamus, ut rationem reddendam nobis arbitremur,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28; cf.:

    nihil est, quod minus ferendum sit, quam rationem ab altero vitae reposcere eum, qui non possit suae reddere,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 28;

    and with this cf.: si gravius quid acciderit, abs te rationem reposcent,

    will call you to account, Caes. B. G. 5, 30: clarorum virorum atque magnorum non minus otii, quam negotii rationem exstare oportere, an account must be capable of being given, Cato ap. Cic. Planc. 27, 66:

    tam otii quam negotii rationem reddere majores censuisse,

    Col. 11 fin.: eam condicionem esse imperandi, ut non aliter ratio constet, quam si uni reddatur, that the account is not correct unless, etc., Tac. A. 1, 6 fin.:

    mirum est quam singulis diebus in urbe ratio aut constet aut constare videatur,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 1; 1, 5, 16 et saep.; cf. Just. praef. 5.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Relation, reference, respect to a thing:

    (agricolae) habent rationem cum terra, quae nunquam recusat imperium,

    have an account, have to do, have dealings with the earth, Cic. Sen. 15, 51; cf.:

    ubi ratio cum Orco habetur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 3;

    for which: ubi sit cum Orco ratio ponenda,

    Col. 1, 3, 2:

    cum omnibus Musis rationem habere cogito,

    Cic. Att. 2, 5, 2:

    cum hac (muliere) aliquid adulescentem hominem habuisse rationis,

    id. Cael. 20, 50; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 190. omnes, quibuscum ratio huic aut est aut fuit, assunt, defendunt, id. Quint. 23, 75; cf.

    . quae ratio tibi cum eo intercesserat?

    id. Rosc. Com. 14, 41:

    pacis vero quae potest esse cum eo ratio, in quo est incredibilis crudelitas, fides nulla?

    id. Phil. 4, 6, 14:

    quod si habenda cum M. Antonii latrocinio pacis ratio fuit, etc.,

    id. ib. 12, 7, 17:

    fontes ad nostrorum annalium rationem veteres, ad ipsorum sane recentes,

    in respect to our annals, id. Brut. 13, 49.—
    b.
    Pregn., a respect, regard, concern, consideration, care for a thing (usu. in the connection habere and ducere alicujus rei rationem): ad hanc rationem quoniam maximam vim natura habet, fortuna proximam: utriusque omnino habenda ratio est in deligendo genere vitae, Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120:

    quorum (civium Romanorum) nobis pro vestra sapientia, Quirites, habenda est ratio diligenter,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17:

    (deos) piorum et impiorum habere rationem,

    id. Leg. 2, 7, 15:

    cujus absentis rationem haberi proximis comitiis populus jussisset,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 9; so,

    absentis,

    id. ib. 1, 32; 3, 82 fin.:

    sauciorum et aegrorum habita ratione,

    id. ib. 3, 75:

    moneret, frumenti rationem esse habendam,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 34;

    so (al. frumentandi), rationem habere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 75 Oud.; cf. id. ib. 7, 71:

    alicujus vel dignitatis vel commodi rationem non habere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17: ut summae rei publicae rationem habeamus, Pompeius ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, c, 3:

    alicujus salutis rationem habere,

    i. e. to regard, care for, be concerned about, Caes. B. G. 7, 71; so id. B. C. 1, 20:

    turpissimae fugae rationem habere,

    id. ib. 2, 31:

    ut in ceteris habenda ratio non sui solum sed etiam aliorum, sic, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139:

    proinde habeat rationem posteritatis et periculi sui,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 13:

    habere nunc se rationem officii pro beneficiis Caesaris,

    id. B. G. 5, 27:

    non ullius rationem sui commodi ducit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:

    cum hujusce periculi tum ceterorum quoque officiorum et amicitiarum ratio,

    id. Clu. 42, 117:

    omnis hac in re habenda ratio et diligentia est, ut, etc.,

    id. Lael. 24, 89; cf.:

    didici ex tuis litteris, te omnibus in rebus habuisse rationem, ut mihi consuleres,

    id. Fam. 3, 5, 1:

    habeo rationem, quid a populo Romano acceperim,

    bring into consideration, consider, id. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36:

    ut habere rationem possis, quo loco me salva lege Cornelia convenias, ego veni, etc.,

    id. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

    neque illud rationis habuisti, eam provinciam ad summam stultitiam nequitiamque venisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 38; cf.:

    hoc rationis habebant, facere eos nullo modo posse, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 29, e70.—
    c.
    Relation to a thing, i. e.
    (α).
    Subject., course, conduct, procedure, mode, manner, method, fashion, plan, etc. (cf. consilium):

    nunc sic rationem incipissam, hanc instituam astutiam, ut, etc.,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 82; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 175 sqq.:

    ubi cenas hodic, si hanc rationem instituis?

    Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 26; id. Truc. 1, 1, 3:

    tua ratio est, ut secundum binos ludos mihi respondere incipias: mea, ut ante primos ludos comperendinem. Ita fiet, ut tua ista ratio existimetur astuta, meum hoc consilium necessarium,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 11, 34; cf.:

    ratio viaque defensionis,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 1, § 4:

    itaque in praesentia Pompeii insequendi rationem omittit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 30:

    mea autem ratio in dicendo haec esse solet, ut, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 292:

    haec in philosophia ratio contra omnia disserendi,

    id. N. D. 1, 5, 11:

    dicendi,

    id. Or. 32, 114; id. de Or. 3, 15, 56; cf.:

    aliquot ante annis inita ratio est, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 36, 61:

    ut, quo primum occurreretur, vix ratio iniri possit,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 24:

    quia reponendarum (tegularum) nemo artifex inire rationem potuerit,

    Liv. 42, 3 fin. —In plur.:

    hoc aditu laudis non mea me voluntas sed meae vitae rationes ab ineunte aetate susceptae prohibuerunt,

    plan of life, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1:

    de rationibus rerum publicarum aut constituendarum aut tuendarum,

    id. Rep. 1, 6, 11.—
    (β).
    Object., relation, condition, nature, kind, sort, fashion, way, etc. (cf. modus):

    sed ratio ordoque agminis aliter se habebat ac Belgae ad Nervios detulerant,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 19; cf.:

    ut rei militaris ratio atque ordo postulabat,

    id. ib. 2, 22; so,

    rei militaris,

    id. ib. 4, 23:

    ratio atque usus belli,

    the art and practice of war, id. ib. 4, 1; id. B. C. 1, 76 fin.; 2, 18; 3, 17 et saep. al.; cf.:

    novae rationes bellandi,

    id. ib. 3, 50:

    ratio equestris proelii,

    id. B. G. 5, 16:

    quorum operum haec erat ratio, etc.,

    id. B. C. 1, 25; cf.: rationem pontis hanc instituit;

    tigna bina, etc.,

    id. B. G. 4, 17:

    serpit per omnium vitas amicitia, nec ullam aetatis degendae rationem patitur esse expertem sui,

    Cic. Lael. 23, 87; cf.:

    ita ratio comparata est vitae naturaeque nostrae, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 27, 101; id. Ac. 2, 43, 132:

    civitas (Platonis) non quae possit esse, sed in qua ratio rerum civilium perspici posset,

    id. Rep. 2, 30, 52 init.; cf.:

    reliqui disseruerunt de generibus et de rationibus civitatum,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 22;

    1, 8, 13: quam creberrimis litteris faciam ut tibi nota sit omnis ratio dierum atque itinerum meorum,

    id. Fam. 3, 5, 4: quoniam eadem est ratio juris in utroque, id. Rep. 3, 12, 21; cf.:

    haec eadem ratio est in summa totius Galliae,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 11 fin.:

    ab nostris eadem ratione, qua pridie, resistitur,

    id. ib. 5, 40; id. B. C. 3, 100; cf. id. ib. 3, 101:

    docet, longe alia ratione esse bellum gerendum atque antea sit gestum,

    id. B. G. 7, 14:

    hoc si Romae fieri posset, certe aliqua ratione expugnasset iste,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, ee130:

    quid refert, qua me ratione cogatis?

    id. Lael. 8, 26:

    quod fuit illis conandum atque omni ratione efficiendum,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 65 fin.; 1, 67 fin.:

    simili ratione Pompeius in suis castris consedit,

    id. ib. 3, 76:

    auxilium ferri nulla ratione poterat,

    id. ib. 1, 70:

    nec quibus rationibus superare possent, sed quem ad modum uti victoria deberent, cogitabant,

    id. ib. 3, 83 fin.; 3, 58; 3, 18 fin. et saep.—
    (γ).
    With gen. of a subst. in circumlocution for the subst. itself (v. Zumpt, Gram. §

    678): vereor ne oratio mea aliena ab judiciorum ratione esse videatur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, ee109:

    multa autem propter rationem brevitatis praetermittenda,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 40, ee

    103: quantas perturbationes et quantos aestus habet ratio comitiorum?

    id. Mur. 17, 35:

    nihil fallacius ratione tota comitiorum,

    id. ib. 17, 36:

    praedicere tempestatum rationem et praedonum,

    id. ib. 2, 4:

    tota ratio talium largitionum genere vitiosa est,

    id. Off. 2, 17, 60.—
    2.
    Pregn., that faculty of the mind which forms the basis of computation and calculation, and hence of mental action in general, i. e. judgment, understanding, reason: duplex est vis animorum atque natura: una pars in appetitu posita est, quae est hormê Graece, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit;

    altera in ratione, quae docet et explanat, quid faciendum, quid fugiendum sit. Ita fit, ut ratio praesit, appetitus obtemperet,

    Cic. Off. 1, 28, 101:

    homo, quod rationis est particeps, per quam consequentia cernit, causas rerum videt earumque progressus et quasi antecessiones non ignorat, similitudines comparat rebusque praesentibus adjungit atque annectit futuras, facile totius vitae cursum videt ad eamque degendam praeparat res necessarias. Eademque natura vi rationis hominem concilia homini et ad orationis et ad vitae societatem, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 11 sq.:

    haud scio, an melius fuerit, humano generi motum istum celerem cogitationis, acumen, sollertiam, quam rationem vocamus, non dari omnino quam tam munifice et tam large dari, etc.,

    id. N. D. 2, 27, 69:

    lex est ratio summa, insita in natura, quae jubet ea, quae facienda sunt, prohibetque contraria. Eadem ratio, cum est in hominis mente confirmata et confecta, lex est,

    id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

    ut, quos ratio non posset, eos ad officium religio duceret,

    id. N. D. 1, 42, 118:

    mens et ratio et consilium in senibus est,

    id. Sen. 19, 67; cf. Liv. 28, 28:

    si pudor quaeritur, si probitas, si fides, Mancinus haec attulit, si ratio, consilium, prudentia, Pompeius antistat,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28; cf. id. Quint. 16, 53; and:

    si ratio et prudentia curas aufert,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 25:

    quibus in rebus temeritas et casus, non ratio nec consilium valet,

    Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85; cf.:

    illa de urbis situ revoces ad rationem quae a Romulo casu aut necessitate facta sunt,

    id. Rep. 2, 11, 22; and:

    moneo ut agentem te ratio ducat, non fortuna,

    Liv. 22, 39 fin.: mulier abundat audacia;

    consilio et ratione deficitur,

    Cic. Clu. 65, 184:

    Ariovistum magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse. Cui rationi contra homines barbaros locus fuisset, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40: arma amens capio;

    nec sat rationis in armis,

    Verg. A. 2, 314:

    rationis egens,

    id. ib. 8, 299 et saep.:

    iracundia dissidens a ratione,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

    majora quam hominum ratio consequi possit,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 15:

    quantum ratione provideri poterat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.:

    quantumque in ratione esset, exploratum habuit,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 6 init.:

    nec majore ratione bellum administrari posse,

    Caes. B. C. 7, 21:

    minari divisoribus ratio non erat,

    it was not reasonable, was contrary to reason, Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 24; so, nulla ratio est, with an objectclause, id. Caecin. 5, 15; so,

    too, minime rationis est,

    Col. 3, 5, 3; cf. with dat.:

    Vitellianus exercitus, cui acquiescere Cremonae ratio fuit,

    which, as reason dictated, ought to have rested at Cremona, Tac. H. 3, 22:

    quod domi te inclusisti, ratione fecisti,

    reasonably, sensibly, judiciously, Cic. Att. 12, [p. 1527] 14, 3.—
    b.
    The reasonable cause of a thing, a ground, motive, reason:

    ratio est causa, quae demonstrat, verum esse id, quod intendimus, brevi subjectione. Rationis confirmatio est ea, quae pluribus argumentis corroborat breviter expositam rationem,

    Auct. Her. 2, 18, 28:

    quid tandem habuit argumenti aut rationis res, quamobrem, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 115; cf.:

    nostra confirmare argumentis ac rationibus: deinde contraria refutare,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 80:

    noverit orator argumentorum et rationum locos,

    id. Or. 14, 44 (v. also argumentum):

    si mei consilii causam rationemque cognoverit,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1; cf.:

    ad eam sententiam cum reliquis causis haec quoque ratio eos deduxit, quod, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 10 fin.:

    quam habet rationem, non quaero aequitatis, sed ipsius improbitatis atque impudentiae?... facti, si non bonam, at aliquam rationem afferre,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 85, e196; cf.:

    deinde nihil rationis affert, quamobrem, etc.,

    id. Caecin. 33, 96:

    non deest hoc loco copia rationum, quibus docere velitis, humanas esse formas deorum: primum quod, etc.... deinde quod, etc.... tertiam rationem affertis, quod, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 27, 76:

    et quidem, cur sic opinetur, rationem subicit,

    id. Div. 2, 50, 104:

    idcirco minus existimo te nihil nisi summa ratione fecisse,

    id. Att. 8, 11, D, §

    5: nunc non modo agendi rationem nullam habeo, sed ne cogitandi quidem,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 3:

    rationes in ea disputatione a te collectae vetabant me rei publicae penitus diffidere,

    id. Fam. 5, 13, 3; cf. id. Ac. 2, 36, 116:

    rationibus conquisitis de voluptate et dolore disputandum putant,

    id. Fin. 1, 9, 31; cf.:

    quod cum disputando rationibusque docuisset,

    id. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

    his rationibus tam certis tamque illustribus opponuntur ab his, qui contra disputant primum labores, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 4 et saep.:

    num parva causa aut prava ratio est?

    reason, excuse, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 27.—
    (β).
    In rhet., a showing cause, argument, reasoning in support of a proposition:

    ratio est, quae continet causam, quae si sublata sit, nihil in causa controversiae relinquatur, hoc modo: Orestes si accusetur matricidii, nisi hoc dicat, Jure feci, illa enim patrem meum occiderat, non habet defensionem,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 13, 18:

    ad propositum subjecta ratio, et item in distributis supposita ratio,

    id. de Or. 3, 54, 207; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 4; 5, 14, 1; 16; 7, 8, 3.—
    c.
    Reasonableness, reason, propriety, law, rule, order, conformity, etc.:

    in omnibus, quae ratione docentur et via, primum constituendum est, quid quidque sit, etc.,

    in a reasonable, regular manner, Cic. Or. 33, 116; cf.:

    ut ratione et via procedat oratio,

    id. Fin. 1, 9, 29:

    modo et ratione aliquid facere (along with recte atque ordine facere),

    id. Quint. 7, 28; cf.:

    quae res Nec modum habet neque consilium, ratione modoque Tractari non vult,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 266:

    nihil est, quod ratione et numero moveri possit sine consilio,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43:

    intervallis imparibus, sed tamen pro rata parte ratione distinctis,

    divided proportionally by rule, id. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf.:

    ex summis et infimis et mediis interjectis ordinibus ut sonis moderata ratione civitas concinit,

    in symmetrical proportion, id. ib. 2, 42, 69:

    in quo defuit fortasse ratio, sed tamen vincit ipsa rerum publicarum natura saepe rationem,

    order, system, id. ib. 2, 33, 57;

    5, 5, 7: declinatio si cum ratione fiet,

    reasonably, id. Tusc. 4, 6, 13:

    ratio et distributio,

    a reasonable division, Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 1.—
    d.
    A theory, doctrine, or system based upon reason; science, and (less freq.), subject., knowledge:

    erat enim tunc haec nova et ignota ratio, solem lunae oppositum solere deficere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.:

    nova et a nobis inventa ratio,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 13;

    2, 39, 66: si animum contulisti in istam rationem et quasi artem,

    id. ib. 1, 23, 37; cf.:

    omnes tacito quodam sensu sine ulla arte aut ratione, quae sint in artibus ac rationibus recta ac prava dijudicant,

    id. de Or. 3, 50, 195; id. Brut. 74, 258:

    continet enim totam hanc quaestionem ea ratio, quae est de natura deorum,

    id. Div. 1, 51, 117:

    Epicuri ratio, quae plerisque notissima est,

    doctrine, system, philosophy, id. Fin. 1, 5, 13; cf.:

    Stoicorum ratio disciplinaque,

    id. Off. 3, 4, 20:

    Cynicorum ratio,

    id. ib. 1, 41, 148; so id. Fin. 3, 20, 68: ratio vivendi... ratio civilis et disciplina populorum, the art of living... statesmanship, id. Rep. 3, 3, 4; cf.:

    etiamsi cui videbitur illa in optimis studiis et artibus quieta vitae ratio beatior, haec civilis laudabilior est certe et illustrior,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 4:

    improba navigii ratio tum caeca jacebat,

    Lucr. 5, 1004: saltationis ac musicae rationis studiosi, Col. prooem. e3 al.—Subject., knowledge:

    si qua (est in me) exercitatio dicendi aut si hujus rei ratio aliqua, ab optimarum artium studiis ac disciplina profecta,

    Cic. Arch. 1, 1.—
    e.
    A view or opinion resting upon reasonable grounds:

    mea sic est ratio,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 43; cf.:

    inventus est nemo, cujus non haec et sententia esset et oratio, non esse metuendum, etc.... Haec cum omnes sentirent et cum in eam rationem pro suo quisque sensu ac dolore loqueretur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68 sq.; and with this cf. id. Att. 1, 11, 1:

    cujus ratio etsi non valuit,

    Nep. Milt. 3, 6 (just before: hujus cum sententiam plurimi essent secuti).—
    f.
    In philos. lang., a production of proof, argumentation, reasoning: (Epicurus) tollit definitiones; nihil de dividendo ac partiendo docet;

    non, quo modo efficiatur concludaturque ratio, tradit,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22; cf. id. Div. 2, 10, 25; id. de Or. 2, 38, 158:

    ratio ipsa coget, et ex aeternitate quaedam esse vera et ea non esse nexa causis aeternis, etc.,

    id. Fat. 16, 38; cf.:

    ergo, ubi tyrannus est, ibi non vitiosam ut heri dicebam, sed, ut nunc ratio cogit, dicendum est, plane nullam esse rem publicam,

    id. Rep. 3, 31, 43.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ratio

  • 5 ē-volvō

        ē-volvō volvī, volūtus, ere,    to roll out, roll. forth, unroll, unfold: amnis... in mare evolvendo terram, etc., L.: vestīs tyranni, O.: volumen epistūlarum: aquas per campos, to spread, Cu.: In mare se (Xanthus), discharge, V. — Pass, to glide, creep: species (anguis) evoluta repente, L.: per humum evolvuntur, Ta.: ad aures militum dicta ferocia evolvebantur, spread, L.—Of books, to unroll, read, peruse, study: diligenter librum: fastos, H.: poëtas.—To roll out, spin out: fusos meos (of the Fates), O. — Fig., to unfold, make clear, disclose, reveal: animi sui notionem: naturam rerum: seriem fati, O.: haec, brood over, V. —To free, extricate, strip: me ex his turbis, T.: evolutus integumentis dissimulationis.—To drive off, repel: istos ex praedā, L. — To produce, develop: exitum criminis: Quae postquam evolvit (deus), O.

    Latin-English dictionary > ē-volvō

  • 6 devolvo

    dē-volvo, volvi, vŏlūtum, 3, v. a., to roll or tumble down (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    saxa in musculum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 1, and 2; cf.

    saxa (amnis),

    Quint. 12, 10, 61:

    auratas trabes,

    Verg. A. 2, 449: tonitrua, i. e. to imitate it (by rolling down balls behind the scenes), Phaedr. 5, 7, 23:

    clipeos e muris,

    Curt. 4, 3 fin.:

    panem ex igne,

    Cat. 59, 4:

    corpora in humum,

    Ov. M. 7, 574:

    se toris,

    Val. Fl. 1, 235 et saep.— Poet.:

    fusis mollia pensa,

    i. e. to spin off, Verg. G. 4, 349.—
    b.
    Pass. in mid. force, to roll itself down, to roll or tumble down, to fall headlong:

    monte praecipiti devolutus torrens,

    Liv. 28, 6; cf. Col. 1, 5, 2; Curt. 5, 3:

    jumenta cum oneribus devolvebantur,

    Liv. 21, 33:

    ex praecipiti,

    Curt. 7, 11.—
    II.
    Trop.:

    aliquem vitā suā, to remove from,

    i. e. to deprive of, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 5:

    per audaces nova dithyrambos Verba devolvit (the figure being taken from a river),

    Hor. Od. 4, 2, 11.—
    b.
    Mid., to sink down, fall into: ad spem inanem pacis devoluti, * Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13:

    retro ad stirpem,

    Liv. 1, 47:

    ad otium et inertiam,

    Col. 1 prooem. §

    29: devolvuntur,

    hasten down, Amm. 15, 10, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > devolvo

  • 7 dē-volvō

        dē-volvō volvī, volūtus, ere,     to roll down: saxa in musculum, Cs.: Auratas trabes, V.: tonitrua (i. e. balls to make scenic thunder), Ph.: corpora in humum, O.: magnos corpore montīs, O.: fusis mollia pensa, i. e. to spin off, V.: monte praecipiti devolutus torrens, tumbling, L.: scalis devolvi, Cu.: iumenta cum oneribus devolvebantur, fell headlong, L.—Fig., to roll forth: per audacīs nova dithyrambos Verba, H.: ad spem inanem pacis devoluti, sunk: devolvere retro ad stirpem, creep back, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > dē-volvō

  • 8 expungo

    ex-pungo, unxi, unctum, 3, v. a.
    * I.
    Lit., to prick out:

    nates jam diu sunt saepe expunctae,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 67.— Hence,
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    To strike out, cross out, blot out, erase from a list by points (set above or below).
    1.
    Lit., to expunge a debt, to discharge a soldier (mostly ante- and post-class.;

    not in Cic.): ut expungatur nomen, ne quid debeam,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 41:

    miles pulchre centuriatus est expuncto in manipulo,

    discharged, disbanded, id. Curc. 4, 4, 29:

    decurias judicum,

    Suet. Claud. 15:

    ex causa desertionis notatus temporis, quo in desertione fuit, stipendiis expungitur,

    is struck off from the roll, deprived of his pay, Dig. 49, 16, 15. —
    2.
    In gen.
    (α).
    To get out of the way, remove:

    pupillum,

    Pers. 2, 12.—
    (β).
    Esp., to blot out a score, remove an obligation (by returning the favor):

    munus munere,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 4.—
    B.
    To settle or adjust an account, to reckon up any thing:

    rei publicae rationes subscriptae et expunctae,

    Dig. 44, 3, 4:

    ausus est annumerare posteris stellas ac sidera ad nomen expungere,

    to reckon up, enumerate, Plin. 2, 26, 24, § 95: expungebantur milites laureati, were checked off, sc. as destined to be rewarded, Tert. Cor. Mil. 1.—
    2.
    Transf., in gen., to execute, accomplish, perform, fulfil:

    effectum,

    Tert. Apol. 35:

    adventum,

    id. ib. 21:

    vota et gaudia Caesarum,

    id. ib. 35.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > expungo

  • 9 urgenter

    urgeo (less correctly urgueo), ursi ( perf. rare; past part. not found), 2, v. a. [Gr. Werg-, heirgnumi, to shut in; Sanscr. varg-, vargami, prevent; Germ. Merk; Engl. work], to press, push, force, drive, impel, urge.
    I.
    Lit. (mostly poet.;

    syn.: pello, trudo): unda impellitur undā Urgeturque eadem veniens urgetque priorem,

    Ov. M. 15, 182:

    urgeris turbā circum te stante,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 135:

    angustoque vagos pisces urgere catino,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 77:

    trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget,

    Verg. A. 12, 748; cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

    aut petis aut urges ruiturum, Sisyphe, saxum,

    i. e. roll up, Ov. M. 4, 460:

    versaque in obnixos urguentur cornua vasto Cum gemitu,

    Verg. G. 3, 222:

    tres (naves) Eurus ab alto In brevia et Syrtes urget,

    id. A. 1, 111:

    miserum tenues in jecur urget acus,

    Ov. H. 6, 92:

    equites in oppidum, Auct. B. Afr. 6, 3: (Mars) aetherias currus urgebat ad arces,

    Stat. Th. 3, 222.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To press upon (as something burdensome or compulsory).
    a.
    To bear hard or close upon; press hard, beset (class.):

    Caesar cum septimam legionem, quae juxta constiterat, urgeri ab hoste vidisset,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26; 2, 25; Sall. J. 56, 6; cf.:

    hinc Pallas instat et urget Hinc contra Lausus,

    Verg. A. 10, 433:

    urgent impavidi te Salaminius Teucer, te Sthenelus,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 23:

    hac urget lupus, hac canis angit,

    id. S. 2, 2, 64. —
    b.
    To weigh or bear down, to burden, oppress:

    at onus urget,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 35; cf.:

    onus aut jam urgentis aut certe adventantis senectutis,

    Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

    quod latus mundi nebulae malusque Juppiter urget,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 20:

    quem scabies aut morbus urget,

    id. A. P. 453; cf.:

    ergo Quintilium perpetuus sopor Urget,

    id. C. 1, 24, 5:

    omnes illacrimabiles Urgentur ignotique longa Nocte,

    id. ib. 4, 9, 27:

    populus militiā atque inopiā urguebatur,

    Sall. J. 41, 7:

    praesens atque urgens malum,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61.—
    c.
    To urge, press, stimulate, drive, solicit (syn. insto):

    quod te urget, scelus, Qui huic sis molestus?

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 47:

    etiam atque etiam insto atque urgeo,

    Cic. Planc. 19, 48:

    quamobrem, ut facis, urge, insta, perfice,

    id. Att. 13, 32, 1: Lepidus ursit me et suis et Antonii litteris, ut, etc., Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 4:

    nihil urget,

    is pressing, Cic. Att. 13, 27, 2:

    cur patrem non urserit ad exsolutionem,

    Dig. 23, 3, 33.—
    2.
    To press, strain, exert in excess, etc.:

    vox autem ultra vires urgenda non est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 51; cf.

    orationem,

    id. 11, 3, 102.—
    3.
    To press upon (by too great nearness), to crowd, hem in, confine:

    ne urbem hanc urbe aliā premere atque urgere possitis,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:

    vallis, quam densis frondibus atrum Urget utrimque latus,

    Verg. A. 11, 524; 7, 566:

    quāque pharetratae vicinia Persidis urget,

    id. G. 4, 290.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To press, ply, urge with argument (a favorite expression of Cic.):

    urgerent praeterea philosophorum greges... instaret Academia,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

    illum neque ursi, neque levavi,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

    sed urges me meis versibus,

    id. Div. 2, 20, 45:

    urguebat Arcesilas Zenonem, cum ipse falsa omnia diceret, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—With acc. and inf.:

    sed urguetis identidem hominum esse istam culpam non deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

    illud urgeam, non intellegere eum, quid, etc.,

    id. Fin. 5, 27, 80.— Absol.:

    ut interrogando urgeat,

    Cic. Or. 40, 137:

    urgent tamen et nihil remittunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 28, 77; id. Off. 3, 9, 39; id. Lig. 3, 9 (also ap. Quint. 9, 2, 57).—
    B.
    To follow up, keep to, stick to, ply hard, push forward, urge on any thing:

    eundem locum diutius,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97:

    quin tu urges istam occasionem et facultatem,

    id. Fam. 7, 8, 2:

    jus, aequitatem,

    id. Off. 3, 16, 67: idem illud de provinciis, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3:

    propositum,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 6:

    et durum terrae rusticus urget opus,

    Tib. 1, 9, 8; Ov. M. 4, 390; cf.:

    non tacta ligonibus arva,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26:

    vestem,

    Verg. A. 9, 489:

    iter,

    Ov. F. 6, 520:

    vestigia ad manes,

    Sil. 12, 419:

    Romae cum sum et urgeo forum,

    am often in the Forum, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 4; cf. altum, to force or plunge into, Hor. C. 2, 10, 2.— Urgeri, with gen., to be hard pressed, prosecuted for any thing:

    male administratae provinciae aliorumque criminum,

    Tac. A. 6, 29.— Poet., with inf.:

    marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges Summovere litora,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 20.—Hence, urgens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.B.1.), pressing, cogent, urgent (postclass. and very rare):

    urgentior causa,

    Tert. Res. Carn. 2 med.:

    urgentissima ratio,

    Cod. Just. 3, 11, 1.— Adv.: urgenter, pressingly (late Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 30, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > urgenter

  • 10 urgeo

    urgeo (less correctly urgueo), ursi ( perf. rare; past part. not found), 2, v. a. [Gr. Werg-, heirgnumi, to shut in; Sanscr. varg-, vargami, prevent; Germ. Merk; Engl. work], to press, push, force, drive, impel, urge.
    I.
    Lit. (mostly poet.;

    syn.: pello, trudo): unda impellitur undā Urgeturque eadem veniens urgetque priorem,

    Ov. M. 15, 182:

    urgeris turbā circum te stante,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 135:

    angustoque vagos pisces urgere catino,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 77:

    trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget,

    Verg. A. 12, 748; cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

    aut petis aut urges ruiturum, Sisyphe, saxum,

    i. e. roll up, Ov. M. 4, 460:

    versaque in obnixos urguentur cornua vasto Cum gemitu,

    Verg. G. 3, 222:

    tres (naves) Eurus ab alto In brevia et Syrtes urget,

    id. A. 1, 111:

    miserum tenues in jecur urget acus,

    Ov. H. 6, 92:

    equites in oppidum, Auct. B. Afr. 6, 3: (Mars) aetherias currus urgebat ad arces,

    Stat. Th. 3, 222.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To press upon (as something burdensome or compulsory).
    a.
    To bear hard or close upon; press hard, beset (class.):

    Caesar cum septimam legionem, quae juxta constiterat, urgeri ab hoste vidisset,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26; 2, 25; Sall. J. 56, 6; cf.:

    hinc Pallas instat et urget Hinc contra Lausus,

    Verg. A. 10, 433:

    urgent impavidi te Salaminius Teucer, te Sthenelus,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 23:

    hac urget lupus, hac canis angit,

    id. S. 2, 2, 64. —
    b.
    To weigh or bear down, to burden, oppress:

    at onus urget,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 35; cf.:

    onus aut jam urgentis aut certe adventantis senectutis,

    Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

    quod latus mundi nebulae malusque Juppiter urget,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 20:

    quem scabies aut morbus urget,

    id. A. P. 453; cf.:

    ergo Quintilium perpetuus sopor Urget,

    id. C. 1, 24, 5:

    omnes illacrimabiles Urgentur ignotique longa Nocte,

    id. ib. 4, 9, 27:

    populus militiā atque inopiā urguebatur,

    Sall. J. 41, 7:

    praesens atque urgens malum,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61.—
    c.
    To urge, press, stimulate, drive, solicit (syn. insto):

    quod te urget, scelus, Qui huic sis molestus?

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 47:

    etiam atque etiam insto atque urgeo,

    Cic. Planc. 19, 48:

    quamobrem, ut facis, urge, insta, perfice,

    id. Att. 13, 32, 1: Lepidus ursit me et suis et Antonii litteris, ut, etc., Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 4:

    nihil urget,

    is pressing, Cic. Att. 13, 27, 2:

    cur patrem non urserit ad exsolutionem,

    Dig. 23, 3, 33.—
    2.
    To press, strain, exert in excess, etc.:

    vox autem ultra vires urgenda non est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 51; cf.

    orationem,

    id. 11, 3, 102.—
    3.
    To press upon (by too great nearness), to crowd, hem in, confine:

    ne urbem hanc urbe aliā premere atque urgere possitis,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:

    vallis, quam densis frondibus atrum Urget utrimque latus,

    Verg. A. 11, 524; 7, 566:

    quāque pharetratae vicinia Persidis urget,

    id. G. 4, 290.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To press, ply, urge with argument (a favorite expression of Cic.):

    urgerent praeterea philosophorum greges... instaret Academia,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

    illum neque ursi, neque levavi,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

    sed urges me meis versibus,

    id. Div. 2, 20, 45:

    urguebat Arcesilas Zenonem, cum ipse falsa omnia diceret, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—With acc. and inf.:

    sed urguetis identidem hominum esse istam culpam non deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

    illud urgeam, non intellegere eum, quid, etc.,

    id. Fin. 5, 27, 80.— Absol.:

    ut interrogando urgeat,

    Cic. Or. 40, 137:

    urgent tamen et nihil remittunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 28, 77; id. Off. 3, 9, 39; id. Lig. 3, 9 (also ap. Quint. 9, 2, 57).—
    B.
    To follow up, keep to, stick to, ply hard, push forward, urge on any thing:

    eundem locum diutius,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97:

    quin tu urges istam occasionem et facultatem,

    id. Fam. 7, 8, 2:

    jus, aequitatem,

    id. Off. 3, 16, 67: idem illud de provinciis, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3:

    propositum,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 6:

    et durum terrae rusticus urget opus,

    Tib. 1, 9, 8; Ov. M. 4, 390; cf.:

    non tacta ligonibus arva,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26:

    vestem,

    Verg. A. 9, 489:

    iter,

    Ov. F. 6, 520:

    vestigia ad manes,

    Sil. 12, 419:

    Romae cum sum et urgeo forum,

    am often in the Forum, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 4; cf. altum, to force or plunge into, Hor. C. 2, 10, 2.— Urgeri, with gen., to be hard pressed, prosecuted for any thing:

    male administratae provinciae aliorumque criminum,

    Tac. A. 6, 29.— Poet., with inf.:

    marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges Summovere litora,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 20.—Hence, urgens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.B.1.), pressing, cogent, urgent (postclass. and very rare):

    urgentior causa,

    Tert. Res. Carn. 2 med.:

    urgentissima ratio,

    Cod. Just. 3, 11, 1.— Adv.: urgenter, pressingly (late Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 30, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > urgeo

  • 11 urgueo

    urgeo (less correctly urgueo), ursi ( perf. rare; past part. not found), 2, v. a. [Gr. Werg-, heirgnumi, to shut in; Sanscr. varg-, vargami, prevent; Germ. Merk; Engl. work], to press, push, force, drive, impel, urge.
    I.
    Lit. (mostly poet.;

    syn.: pello, trudo): unda impellitur undā Urgeturque eadem veniens urgetque priorem,

    Ov. M. 15, 182:

    urgeris turbā circum te stante,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 135:

    angustoque vagos pisces urgere catino,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 77:

    trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget,

    Verg. A. 12, 748; cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

    aut petis aut urges ruiturum, Sisyphe, saxum,

    i. e. roll up, Ov. M. 4, 460:

    versaque in obnixos urguentur cornua vasto Cum gemitu,

    Verg. G. 3, 222:

    tres (naves) Eurus ab alto In brevia et Syrtes urget,

    id. A. 1, 111:

    miserum tenues in jecur urget acus,

    Ov. H. 6, 92:

    equites in oppidum, Auct. B. Afr. 6, 3: (Mars) aetherias currus urgebat ad arces,

    Stat. Th. 3, 222.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To press upon (as something burdensome or compulsory).
    a.
    To bear hard or close upon; press hard, beset (class.):

    Caesar cum septimam legionem, quae juxta constiterat, urgeri ab hoste vidisset,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26; 2, 25; Sall. J. 56, 6; cf.:

    hinc Pallas instat et urget Hinc contra Lausus,

    Verg. A. 10, 433:

    urgent impavidi te Salaminius Teucer, te Sthenelus,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 23:

    hac urget lupus, hac canis angit,

    id. S. 2, 2, 64. —
    b.
    To weigh or bear down, to burden, oppress:

    at onus urget,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 35; cf.:

    onus aut jam urgentis aut certe adventantis senectutis,

    Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

    quod latus mundi nebulae malusque Juppiter urget,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 20:

    quem scabies aut morbus urget,

    id. A. P. 453; cf.:

    ergo Quintilium perpetuus sopor Urget,

    id. C. 1, 24, 5:

    omnes illacrimabiles Urgentur ignotique longa Nocte,

    id. ib. 4, 9, 27:

    populus militiā atque inopiā urguebatur,

    Sall. J. 41, 7:

    praesens atque urgens malum,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61.—
    c.
    To urge, press, stimulate, drive, solicit (syn. insto):

    quod te urget, scelus, Qui huic sis molestus?

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 47:

    etiam atque etiam insto atque urgeo,

    Cic. Planc. 19, 48:

    quamobrem, ut facis, urge, insta, perfice,

    id. Att. 13, 32, 1: Lepidus ursit me et suis et Antonii litteris, ut, etc., Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 4:

    nihil urget,

    is pressing, Cic. Att. 13, 27, 2:

    cur patrem non urserit ad exsolutionem,

    Dig. 23, 3, 33.—
    2.
    To press, strain, exert in excess, etc.:

    vox autem ultra vires urgenda non est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 51; cf.

    orationem,

    id. 11, 3, 102.—
    3.
    To press upon (by too great nearness), to crowd, hem in, confine:

    ne urbem hanc urbe aliā premere atque urgere possitis,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:

    vallis, quam densis frondibus atrum Urget utrimque latus,

    Verg. A. 11, 524; 7, 566:

    quāque pharetratae vicinia Persidis urget,

    id. G. 4, 290.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To press, ply, urge with argument (a favorite expression of Cic.):

    urgerent praeterea philosophorum greges... instaret Academia,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

    illum neque ursi, neque levavi,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

    sed urges me meis versibus,

    id. Div. 2, 20, 45:

    urguebat Arcesilas Zenonem, cum ipse falsa omnia diceret, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—With acc. and inf.:

    sed urguetis identidem hominum esse istam culpam non deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

    illud urgeam, non intellegere eum, quid, etc.,

    id. Fin. 5, 27, 80.— Absol.:

    ut interrogando urgeat,

    Cic. Or. 40, 137:

    urgent tamen et nihil remittunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 28, 77; id. Off. 3, 9, 39; id. Lig. 3, 9 (also ap. Quint. 9, 2, 57).—
    B.
    To follow up, keep to, stick to, ply hard, push forward, urge on any thing:

    eundem locum diutius,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97:

    quin tu urges istam occasionem et facultatem,

    id. Fam. 7, 8, 2:

    jus, aequitatem,

    id. Off. 3, 16, 67: idem illud de provinciis, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3:

    propositum,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 6:

    et durum terrae rusticus urget opus,

    Tib. 1, 9, 8; Ov. M. 4, 390; cf.:

    non tacta ligonibus arva,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26:

    vestem,

    Verg. A. 9, 489:

    iter,

    Ov. F. 6, 520:

    vestigia ad manes,

    Sil. 12, 419:

    Romae cum sum et urgeo forum,

    am often in the Forum, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 4; cf. altum, to force or plunge into, Hor. C. 2, 10, 2.— Urgeri, with gen., to be hard pressed, prosecuted for any thing:

    male administratae provinciae aliorumque criminum,

    Tac. A. 6, 29.— Poet., with inf.:

    marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges Summovere litora,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 20.—Hence, urgens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.B.1.), pressing, cogent, urgent (postclass. and very rare):

    urgentior causa,

    Tert. Res. Carn. 2 med.:

    urgentissima ratio,

    Cod. Just. 3, 11, 1.— Adv.: urgenter, pressingly (late Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 30, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > urgueo

  • 12 fluō

        fluō fluxī, fluxus, ere    [FLV-], to flow, stream, in contrarias partīs: flumen quod inter eum et castra fluebat, Cs.: naturā: fluxit in terram Remi Cruor, H.: sudor fluit undique rivis, V.: fluunt lacrimae more perennis aquae, O.: fluit ignibus aurum, melts, O.— To flow, overflow, run down, drip: madidāque fluens in veste Menoetes, V.: fluentes buccae, dripping: tantum, yield (of the grape), V.: cum fluvius sanguine fluxit: sudore, O.— To flow, stream, pour, throng, glide: nodoque sinūs conlecta fluentīs, V.: ramos compesce fluentīs, spreading, V.: Ad terram fluit devexo pondere cervix, droops, V.: relictis Turba fluit castris, pour forth, V.: ad terram fluens, sinking, V.— To pass away, fall away, fall off, vanish: fluent arma de manibus: poma, O.: Cuncta fluunt, are changing, O.—Fig., to flow, spring, arise, come forth, go, proceed: ex eius linguā melle dulcior fluebat oratio.— To roll, flow, move, spread: doctrina longe lateque: de libris nostris sermonem: Hoc fonte derivata clades In patriam fluxit, H.: res ad voluntatem nostram fluentes.—Of persons: (Herodotus) quasi sedatus amnis fluit.—Of speech, to be fluent, be verbose, be monotonous: efficiendum est ne fluat oratio: Cum flueret lutulentus (Lucilius), H.— To pass away, dissolve, vanish, perish: tarda fluunt tempora, H.: mollitiā: lassitudine vires, L.: voluptas corporis: Spes Danaūm, V.
    * * *
    fluere, fluxi, fluxus V
    flow, stream; emanate, proceed from; fall gradually

    Latin-English dictionary > fluō

  • 13 legō

        legō lēgī, lēctus, ere    [1 LEG-], to bring together, gather, collect: herbas collibus, O.: mala, nuces, V.: spolia caesorum, L.: quos (asparagos), Iu.: homini mortuo ossa: ficus apta legi, to be plucked, O.: Parcae fila legunt, i. e. spin out, V.: Ore legam (extremum halitum), receive the last breath, i. e. give a parting kiss, V.: Umida vela, to furl, V.: tenerā vela manu, O.— To take, carry off, steal: sacra divum, H.— To go over, traverse, pass, wander through: saltūs, O.: pontum Pone legit, sails through, V.: Aequora Afra, O.: presso vestigia gressu, track, O.: tortos orbīs, wander through, V.— To sail by, skirt, coast along: Inarimen Prochytenque, O.: navibus oram Italiae, L.; cf. primi litoris oram, i. e. of my theme, V.— To choose, pick out, single out, select, elect, appoint: iudices: condiciones: civīs in patres, L.: viros ad bella, O.: geminas de classe biremīs, V.: legit virum vir, man singles out man (in battle), V.: omnīs longo ordine Adversos legere, pass in review, V.—Esp., of the censors: in senatu legendo, making up the roll of the senate.—Fig., to read, peruse, scan: legi ipse animoque notavi, O.: libros: acta maiorum, S.: liber tuus et lectus est et legitur a me diligenter: Ore legar populi, O.: sepulcra, epitaphs: ut scriptum legimus, find written: relatum legere, quis docuerit, etc., N.: nec Cynicos nec Stoica dogmata, Iu.— To read out, read aloud, recite: convocatis auditoribus volumen: Obturem impune legentibus aurīs, H.: alqm occidit legendo, with recitation, H.: acta, the news of the day, Iu.
    * * *
    I
    legare, legavi, legatus V
    bequeath, will; entrust, send as an envoy, choose as a deputy
    II
    legere, legi, lectus V
    read; gather, collect (cremated bones); furl (sail), weigh (anchor); pick out

    Latin-English dictionary > legō

  • 14 cito

    1.
    cĭtŏ, adv., v. cieo, P. a. fin.
    2.
    cĭto, āvi, ātum ( part. perf. gen. plur. citatūm, Att. ap. Non. p. 485; inf. pass. citarier, Cat. 61, 42), 1, v. freq. a. [cieo].
    I.
    To put into quick motion, to move or drive violently or rapidly, to hurl, shake, rouse, excite, provoke, incite, stimulate, promote, etc. (mostly post-Aug. and poet.; in earlier authors usu. only in P. a.):

    citat hastam,

    Sil. 4, 583:

    arma,

    Stat. Th. 8, 124:

    gradum,

    Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 510:

    urinam,

    Cels. 2, 19:

    pus,

    id. 5, 28, n. 13:

    umorem illuc,

    id. 4, 6:

    alvum,

    Col. 7, 9, 9:

    ubi luctandi juvenes animosa citavit gloria,

    Stat. Th. 6, 834. —
    2.
    Of plants, to put or shoot forth:

    virgam,

    Col. 3, 6, 2; 4, 15, 2:

    radices,

    id. 5, 5, 5; id. Arb. 10, 3; Pall. Feb. 9, 6.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    isque motus (animi) aut boni aut mali opinione citetur,

    be called forth, Cic. Tusc. 3, 11, 24 Orell. N. cr. (cf.:

    motus cieri,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20).—
    II.
    (Like cieo, 2.) With reference to the termination ad quem, to urge to, call or summon to (class.; esp. freq. in lang. of business;

    syn.: voco, adesse jubeo): patres in curiam per praeconem ad regem Tarquinium citari jussit,

    Liv. 1, 47, 8; id. 3, 38, 6 and 12:

    senatum,

    id. 9, 30, 2:

    in fora citatis senatoribus,

    id. 27, 24, 2:

    tribus ad sacramentum,

    Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Cat. 61, 43:

    judices citati in hunc reum consedistis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 19:

    citari nominatim unum ex iis, etc., i. e. for enrollment for milit. service,

    Liv. 2, 29, 2; id. Epit. libr. 14; Val. Max. 6, 3, 4.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In law, to call the parties, to see whether they are present (syn.:

    in jus vocare, evocare): citat reum: non respondet. Citat accusatorem... citatus accusator non respondit, non affuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98; 2, 2, 38, § 92; id. Div. in Caecil. 13, 41;

    so of those accused,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 92; id. Mil. 19, 50; Suet. Tib. 11; 61.—And of the roll of a gang of slaves:

    mancipia ergastuli cottidie per nomina,

    Col. 11, 1, 22 al. —Hence, to accuse:

    cum equester ordo reus a consulibus citaretur,

    Cic. Sest. 15, 35; Vitr. 7 praef.;

    and facetiously,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 6.—With gen. of the charge or penalty:

    omnes ii... abs te capitis C. Rabirii nomine citantur,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31; cf.:

    ne proditi mysterii reus a philosophis citaretur,

    Lact. 3, 16, 5.—Of witnesses:

    in hanc rem testem totam Siciliam citabo,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59, § 146; Suet. Caes. 74; Quint. 6, 4, 7.—
    b.
    Beyond the sphere of judicial proceedings: testem, auctorem, to call one to witness, to call upon, appeal to, quote, cite:

    quamvis citetur Salamis clarissimae testis victoriae,

    Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75:

    quos ego testes citaturus fui rerum a me gestarum,

    Liv. 38, 47, 4:

    poëtas ad testimonium,

    Petr. 2, 5:

    libri, quos Macer Licinius citat identidem auctores,

    Liv. 4, 20, 8.— To call for votes or opinions in the senate, haec illi, quo quisque ordine citabantur, Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 18.—Of an appeal to a god for aid, etc., Ov. F. 5, 683; Cat. 61, 42.—
    2.
    (Like cieo, II. C.) In gen., to mention any person or thing by name, to name, mention, call out, proclaim, announce (rare but class.;

    syn. laudo): omnes Danai reliquique Graeci, qui hoc anapaesto citantur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 18: victorem Olympiae citari; cf. Nep. praef. § 5; Liv. 29, 37, 9; Stat. Th. 6, 922:

    paeanem,

    to rehearse, recite, Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251:

    io Bacche,

    to call, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7 (cf.:

    triumphum ciere,

    Liv. 45, 38, 12, infra cieo, II. C. 2.); Col. 11, 1, 22.—Hence, cĭtātus, a, um, part., driven, urged on, hastened, hurried; and P a., quick, rapid, speedy, swift (opp. tardus; class.).
    A.
    Prop., freq.:

    citato equo,

    at full gallop, Caes. B. C. 3, 96; Liv. 1, 27, 7; 3, 46, 6; so,

    equis,

    id. 1, 5, 8; cf. Verg. A. 12, 373 al.:

    jumentis,

    Suet. Ner. 5:

    pede,

    Cat. 63, 2:

    tripudiis,

    id. 63, 26:

    citato gradu,

    Liv. 28, 14, 17:

    passibus,

    Sen. Hippol. 9:

    axe,

    Juv. 1, 60:

    citatum agmen,

    Liv. 35, 30, 1:

    citatiore agmine ad stativa sua pervenit,

    id. 27, 50, 1; so,

    citatissimo agmine,

    id. 22, 6, 10 al.:

    amnis citatior,

    id. 23, 19, 11:

    flumen,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 178:

    nautae,

    Prop. 1, 8, 23:

    rates,

    Sen. Hippol. 1048; Luc. 8, 456:

    currus,

    Sil. 8, 663:

    Euro citatior,

    Sil. 4, 6:

    alvus citatior,

    Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 63.—Also instead of an adv. (cf. citus, B.):

    Rhenus per fines Trevirorum citatus fertur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 10:

    ferunt citati signa,

    Liv. 41, 3, 8:

    penna citatior ibat,

    Sil. 10, 11.—
    B.
    Trop., quick, rapid, vehement, impetuous:

    argumenta acria et citata,

    Quint. 9, 4, 135;

    and transf. to persons: in argumentis citati atque ipso etiam motu celeres sumus,

    id. 9, 4, 138:

    Roscius citatior, Aesopus gravior fuit,

    id. 11, 3, 111; 11, [p. 346] 3, 17:

    pronuntiatio (opp. pressa),

    id. 11, 3, 111:

    citatior manus (opp. lenior),

    id. 11, 3, 102:

    soni tum placidi tum citati,

    Gell. 1, 11, 15.— Adv.: cĭtātē, quickly, speedily, nimbly, rapidly (perh. only in the two foll. examples):

    piscatores citatius moventur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 112:

    ut versus quam citatissime volvant,

    id. 1, 1, 37.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cito

  • 15 torqueo

    torquĕo, torsi, tortum, 2 (archaic inf. torquerier, Hor. S. 2, 8, 67), v. a. [Gr. trepô, to turn; cf. atrekês; also Sanscr. tarkus; Gr. atraktos, a spindle; and strephô, to twist], to turn, turn about or away; to twist, bend, wind (class.; syn. converto).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    cervices oculosque,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39:

    oculum,

    to roll, distort, id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

    ora,

    to twist awry, id. Off. 1, 36, 131:

    ab obscenis sermonibus aurem,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 127:

    oculos ad moenia,

    Verg. A. 4, 220:

    ad sonitum vocis vestigia,

    id. ib. 3, 669:

    serpens squamosos orbes Torquet,

    Ov. M. 3, 42; cf.

    anguis,

    Verg. G. 3, 38:

    capillos ferro,

    i. e. to curl, frizzle, Ov. A. A. 1, 505:

    stamina pollice,

    id. M. 12, 475:

    remis aquas,

    id. F. 5, 644:

    spumas,

    Verg. A. 3, 208:

    taxos in arcus,

    to bend, id. G. 2, 448:

    tegumen torquens immane leonis,

    winding about him, id. A. 7, 666:

    cum terra circum axem se convertat et torqueat,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

    torta circum bracchia vestis,

    Tac. H. 5, 22.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To whirl around, to whirl in the act of throwing, to wield, brandish, to fling with force, to hurl (mostly poet.):

    torquet nunc lapidem, nunc ingens machina tignum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 73:

    amnis torquet sonantia saxa,

    Verg. A. 6, 551:

    stuppea torquentem Balearis verbera fundae,

    id. G. 1, 309:

    jaculum in hostem,

    id. A. 10, 585; Ov. M. 12, 323: hastam in hunc, id. ib 5, 137;

    for which: hastam alicui,

    Val. Fl. 3, 193:

    telum aurata ad tempora,

    Verg. A. 12, 536:

    tela manu,

    Ov. M. 12, 99:

    valido pila lacerto,

    id. F. 2, 11:

    glebas, ramos,

    id. M. 11, 30:

    cum fulmina torquet (Juppiter),

    Verg. A. 4, 208;

    and trop.: cum Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,

    id. ib. 9, 671; cf.:

    Eurus nubes in occiduum orbem,

    Luc. 4, 63.—In prose:

    torquere amentatas hastas lacertis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 242.—
    2.
    To twist awry, misplace, turn aside, distort:

    negat sibi umquam, cum oculum torsisset, duas ex lucernā flammulas esse visas,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

    ora Tristia temptantum sensu (sapor) torquebit amaro,

    Verg. G. 2, 247.—
    3.
    To wrench the limbs upon the rack, to put to the rack or to the torture, to rack, torture (class.):

    ita te nervo torquebo, itidem uti catapultae solent,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 12:

    eculeo torqueri,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 13, 42:

    aliquem servilem in modum,

    Suet. Aug. 27; cf.:

    ira torquentium,

    Tac. A. 15, 57:

    servum in caput domini,

    against his master, Dig. 48, 18, 1: vinctus tortusve, [p. 1880] Suet. Aug. 40 fin. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to twist, wrest, distort, turn, bend, direct (a favorite expression of Cicero):

    versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,

    Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

    torquere et flectere imbecillitatem animorum,

    id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

    oratio ita flexibilis, ut sequatur, quocumque torqueas,

    id. Or. 16, 52:

    omnia ad suae causae commodum,

    id. Inv. 2, 14, 46:

    verbo ac litterā jus omne torqueri,

    wrested, perverted, id. Caecin. 27, 77:

    sonum,

    to inflect, Auct. Her. 3, 14, 25:

    cuncta tuo qui bella, pater, sub numine torques,

    Verg. A. 12, 180:

    versare sententias, et huc atque illuc torquere,

    Tac. H. 1, 85.—
    B.
    In partic. (acc. to A. 2.), to rack, torment, torture (syn.:

    ango, crucio): tuae libidines te torquent,

    Cic. Par. 2, 18:

    mitto aurum coronarium, quod te diutissime torsit,

    id. Pis. 37, 90: acriter nos tuae supplicationes torserunt, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 1:

    equidem dies noctesque torqueor,

    Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4:

    verbi controversia jam diu torquet Graeculos homines,

    id. de Or. 1, 11, 47; 3, 9, 33:

    stulti malorum memoriā torquentur,

    id. Fin. 1, 17, 57:

    sollicitudine, poenitentia, etc., torquetur mens,

    Quint. 12, 1, 7:

    invidiā vel amore vigil torquebere,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 37; Ov. H. 20, 123:

    torqueor, infesto ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    id. ib. 9, 36; cf. Hor. S. 2, 8, 67:

    Aeacus torquet umbras,

    holds inquisition over, Juv. 1, 9.— Transf.: (reges) dicuntur torquere mero, quem perspexisse laborant, qs. to rack with wine, i. e. to try or test with wine, Hor. A. P. 435; so,

    vino tortus et irā,

    id. Ep. 1, 18, 38.—
    C.
    To hurl, fling (of language):

    curvum sermone rotato enthymema,

    Juv. 6, 449.—Hence, tortus, a, um, P. a., twisted, crooked, contorted, distorted.
    A.
    Lit.:

    via (labyrinthi),

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 42:

    quercus,

    i. e. a twisted oakgarland, Verg. G. 1, 349.—Hence,
    2.
    Subst.: torta, ae, f., a twisted loaf, a twist, Vulg. 1 Par. 16, 3. —
    * B.
    Trop.:

    condiciones,

    confused, complicated, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 25. — Adv.: tortē, awry, crookedly:

    torte penitusque remota,

    Lucr. 4, 305 (329).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > torqueo

  • 16 vacillo

    văcillo ( a scanned long, Lucr. 3, 502), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. [cf. Sanscr. vak-, to roll; vank-, to shake], to sway to and fro; to waddle, stagger, reel, totter, waver, vacillate (class.; a favorite word with Cic.; cf.: nuto, titubo).
    I.
    Lit., of drunken persons: quosdam ex vino vacillantes, quosdam hesternā potatione oscitantes, Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 66:

    videre quosdam ex vino vacillantis,

    Quint. 11, 3, 165:

    praepediuntur crure vacillanti,

    Lucr. 3, 479; cf. Ruhnk. ad Rutil. Lup. 2, 7, p. 164 Frotsch.:

    in utramque partem toto corpore vacillans,

    Cic. Brut. 60, 216:

    arbor ventis pulsa vacillans aestuat,

    Lucr. 5, 1096; so,

    ambusta,

    id. 1, 806:

    vacillant omnia tecta,

    id. 6, 575:

    sub pedibus tellus cum tota vacillat,

    id. 5, 1236:

    accepi tuam epistulam vacillantibus litterulis,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 15, 2.—
    II.
    Trop., to waver, hesitate, stagger, be untrustworthy, to vacillate:

    tota res vacillat et claudicat,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 107:

    Erotem ad ista expedienda factum mihi videbar reliquisse, cujus non sine magnā culpā vacillarunt,

    have fallen into confusion, id. Att. 14, 18, 2:

    justitia vacillat vel jacet potius,

    id. Off. 3, 33, 118:

    stabilitas amicitiae vacillat,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 66:

    legio vacillans,

    wavering in fidelity, id. Phil. 3, 12, 31: gerontikôteron est memoriola vacillare, id. Att. 12, 1, 2:

    partim sumptibus in vetere aere alieno vacillant,

    are staggering beneath a load of old debts, id. Cat. 2, 10, 21:

    aegrotat fama vacillans,

    Lucr. 4, 1124:

    gentes vacillantes,

    Vell. 2, 130, 3:

    cum animus paulum vacillavit,

    Sen. Ep. 114, 22:

    testes, qui adversus fidem testationis suae vacillant, audiendi non sunt,

    Dig. 22, 5, 2:

    cujus (testis) ita anceps fides vacillat,

    ib. 48, 10, 27.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vacillo

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